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19-2139; Rev 2; 10/08
15kV ESD-Protected +2.5V to +5.5V RS-232 Transceivers in UCSP and WLP
General Description
The MAX3228E/AE and MAX3229E/AE are +2.5V to +5.5V powered EIA/TIA-232 and V.28/V.24 communications interfaces with low power requirements, high datarate capabilities, and enhanced electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection, in a chip-scale package (UCSPTM) and WLP Package. All transmitter outputs and receiver inputs are protected to 15kV using IEC 1000-4-2 AirGap Discharge, 8kV using IEC 1000-4-2 Contact Discharge, and 15kV using the Human Body Model. The MAX3228E/AE and MAX3229E/AE achieve a 1A supply current with Maxim's AutoShutdownTM feature. They save power without changes to existing BIOS or operating systems by entering low-power shutdown mode when the RS-232 cable is disconnected, or when the transmitters of the connected peripherals are off. The transceivers have a proprietary low-dropout transmitter output stage, delivering RS-232 compliant performance from a +3.1V to +5.5V supply, and RS-232 compatible performance with a supply voltage as low as +2.5V. The dual charge pump requires only four small 0.1F capacitors for operation from a +3.0V supply. Each device is guaranteed to run at data rates of 250kbps while maintaining RS-232 output levels. The MAX3228E/AE and MAX3229E/AE offer a separate power-supply input for the logic interface, allowing configurable logic levels on the receiver outputs and transmitter inputs. Operating over a +1.65V to VCC range, VL provides the MAX3228E/AE and MAX3229E/AE compatibility with multiple logic families. The MAX3229E/AE contains one receiver and one transmitter. The MAX3228E/AE contains two receivers and two transmitters. The MAX3228E/AE and MAX3229E/AE are available in tiny chip-scale and WLP packaging and are specified across the extended industrial temperature range of -40C to +85C.
Features
6 5 Chip-Scale Package (UCSP) and WLP Package ESD Protection for RS-232 I/O Pins: 15kV--IEC 1000-4-2 Air-Gap Discharge 8kV--IEC 1000-4-2 Contact Discharge 15kV--Human Body Model 1A Low-Power AutoShutdown 250kbps Guaranteed Data Rate Meets EIA/TIA-232 Specifications Down to +3.1V RS-232 Compatible to +2.5V Allows Operation from Single Li+ Cell Small 0.1F Capacitors Configurable Logic Levels
MAX3228E/MAX3228AE/MAX3229E/MAX3229AE
Ordering Information
PART MAX3228EEBV-T MAX3228AEEWV+T MAX3229EEBV-T MAX3229AEEWV+T TEMP RANGE -40C to +85C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C BUMP-PACKAGE 6 x 5 UCSP* 6 x 5 WLP 6 x 5 UCSP* 6 x 5 WLP
+Denotes a lead-free/RoHS-compliant package. *Requires solder temperature profile described in the Absolute Maximum Ratings section. *UCSP reliability is integrally linked to the user's assembly methods, circuit board material, and environment. Refer to the UCSP Reliabilitly Notice in the UCSP Reliability section of this data sheet for more information. T = Tape and reel.
Typical Operating Circuits
2.5V TO 5.5V 1.65V TO 5.5V 0.1F CBYPASS 0.1F A1 C1 C1 0.1F D1 A2 C2 0.1F A3 C1+ C1C2+ C2VL T1OUT VL B6 T2IN VL D6 R1OUT R1IN E6 T2OUT E4 E3 RS-232 OUTPUTS VCC A5 VL V+ B1 C3 0.1F A4 C4 0.1F
Applications
Personal Digital Assistants Cell Phone Data Lump Cables Set-Top Boxes Handheld Devices Cell Phones
Typical Operating Circuits continued at end of data sheet. Pin Configurations appear at end of data sheet. UCSP is a trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. AutoShutdown is a trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
MAX3228E/AE
V-
A6 T1IN TTL/CMOS INPUTS
TTL/CMOS OUTPUTS C6 R2OUT
VL
5k R2IN E5
RS-232 INPUTS
5k VL 20A B5 FORCEON GND E1 VL INVALID 20A E2 TO POWERMANAGEMENT UNIT VL
FORCEOFF C5
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products
1
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim's website at www.maxim-ic.com.
15kV ESD-Protected +2.5V to +5.5V RS-232 Transceivers in UCSP and WLP MAX3228E/MAX3228AE/MAX3229E/MAX3229AE
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
VCC to GND ...........................................................-0.3V to +6.0V V+ to GND .............................................................-0.3V to +7.0V V- to GND ..............................................................+0.3V to -7.0V V+ to |V-| (Note 1) ................................................................+13V VL to GND..............................................................-0.3V to +6.0V Input Voltages T_IN_, FORCEON, FORCEOFF to GND .....-0.3V to (VL + 0.3V) R_IN_ to GND ...................................................................25V Output Voltages T_OUT to GND ...............................................................13.2V R_OUT INVALID to GND ............................-0.3V to (VL + 0.3V) INVALID to GND..........................................-0.3V to (VCC +0.3V) Short-Circuit Duration T_OUT to GND........................Continuous Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70C) 6 5 UCSP (derate 10.1mW/C above TA = +70C) ...805mW 6 5 WLP (derate 20mW/C above TA = +70C) ............1.6W Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40C to +85C Junction Temperature ......................................................+150C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65C to +150C Bump Temperature (Soldering) (Note 2) Infrared (15s) ...............................................................+200C Vapor Phase (20s) .......................................................+215C
Note 1: V+ and V- can have maximum magnitudes of 7V, but their absolute difference cannot exceed 13V. Note 2: This device is constructed using a unique set of packaging techniques that impose a limit on the thermal profile the device can be exposed to during board level solder attach and rework. This limit permits only the use of the solder profiles recommended in the industry-standard specification, JEDEC 020A, paragraph 7.6, Table 3 for IR/VPR and convection reflow. Preheating is required. Hand or wave soldering is not allowed.
Stresses beyond those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VCC = +2.5V to +5.5V, VL = +1.65V to +5.5V, C1-C4 = 0.1F, tested at +3.3V 10%, TA = TMIN to TMAX. Typical values are at TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 3)
PARAMETER DC CHARACTERISTICS VL Input Voltage Range VCC Supply Current, AutoShutdown VCC Supply Current, AutoShutdown Disabled VL Supply Current LOGIC INPUTS Pullup Currents Input Logic Low Input Logic High Transmitter Input Hysteresis Input Leakage Current RECEIVER OUTPUTS Output Leakage Currents Output Voltage Low Output Voltage High R_OUT, receivers disabled, FORCEOFF = GND or in AutoShutdown IOUT = 0.8mA IOUT = -0.5mA VL - 0.4 VL - 0.1 10 0.4 A V V T_IN FORCEON, FORCEOFF to VL T_IN, FORCEON, FORCEOFF T_IN, FORCEON, FORCEOFF 0.66 VL 0.5 0.01 1 20 0.4 A V V V A VL FORCEON = GND FORCEOFF = VL, all RIN open FORCEOFF = GND FORCEON, FORCEOFF floating ICC FORCEON = FORCEOFF = VL no load FORCEON or FORCEOFF = GND, VCC = VL =+5V FORCEON, FORCEOFF floating 0.3 85 1 1.65 VCC + 0.3 10 10 1 1 V A A mA mA SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
ICC
IL
A
2
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15kV ESD-Protected +2.5V to +5.5V RS-232 Transceivers in UCSP and WLP
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VCC = +2.5V to +5.5V, VL = +1.65V to +5.5V, C1-C4 = 0.1F, tested at +3.3V 10%, TA = TMIN to TMAX. Typical values are at TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 3)
PARAMETER RECEIVER INPUTS Input Voltage Range Input Threshold Low Input Threshold High Input Hysteresis Input Resistance AUTO SHUTDOWN Receiver Input Threshold to INVALID Output High Receiver Input Threshold to INVALID Output Low Receiver Positive or Negative Threshold to INVALID High Receiver Positive or Negative Threshold to INVALID Low Receiver Edge to Transmitters Enabled INVALID OUTPUT Output Voltage Low Output Voltage High TRANSMITTER OUTPUTS VCC Mode Switch Point (VCC Falling) VCC Mode Switch Point (VCC Rising) VCC Mode Switch Point Hysteresis All transmitter outputs loaded with 3k to ground. VCC = +3.1V to +5.5V, VCC falling (TA = +25C) VCC = +2.5V to +3.1V, VCC rising 5 T_OUT = 5.0V to 3.7V T_OUT = 3.7V to 5.0V 2.85 3.3 400 5.4 V 3.7 300 10M 60 T_OUT = 12V, transmitters disabled Human Body Model R_IN, T_OUT IEC 1000-4-2 Air-Gap Discharge IEC 1000-4-2 Contact Discharge 15 15 8 kV 25 mA A 3.1 3.7 V V mV IOUT = 0.3mA IOUT = -0.5mA VCC - 0.4 0.4 VCC - 0.1 V V tINVH tINVL tWU VCC = +5.0V, Figure 3b VCC = +5.0V, Figure 3b VCC = +5.0V, Figure 3b Figure 3a Positive threshold Negative threshold -2.7 -0.3 1 30 100 0.3 2.7 V V s s s 3 TA = +25C TA = +25C VCC = +3.3V VCC = +5.0V VCC = +3.3V VCC = +5.0V -25 0.6 0.8 1.2 1.7 1.3 1.8 0.5 5 7 2.4 2.4 +25 V V V V k SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
MAX3228E/MAX3228AE/MAX3229E/MAX3229AE
Output Voltage Swing
Output Resistance Output Short-Circuit Current Output Leakage Current ESD PROTECTION
VCC = V+ = V- = 0, T_OUT = 2V
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15kV ESD-Protected +2.5V to +5.5V RS-232 Transceivers in UCSP and WLP MAX3228E/MAX3228AE/MAX3229E/MAX3229AE
TIMING CHARACTERISTICS
(VCC = +2.5V to +5.5V, VL = +1.65V to +5.5V, C1-C4 = 0.1F, tested at +3.3V 10%, TA = TMIN to TMAX. Typical values are at TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 3)
PARAMETER Maximum Data Rate Receiver Propagation Delay Receiver Output Enable-Time Receiver Output Disable-Time Transmitter Skew Receiver Skew Transition Region Slew Rate | tPHL - tPLH | | tPHL - tPLH | RL = 3k to 7k, CL = 150pF to 1000pF, TA = +25C 6 SYMBOL CONDITIONS RL = 3k, CL = 1000pF, one transmitter switching Receiver input to receiver output, CL = 150pF VCC = VL = +5V VCC = VL = +5V MIN 250 0.15 200 200 100 50 30 TYP MAX UNITS kbps s ns ns ns ns V/s
Note 3: VCC must be greater than VL.
Typical Operating Characteristics
(VCC = +3.3V, 250kbps data rate, 0.1F capacitors, all transmitters loaded with 3k and CL, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
TRANSMITTER OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. LOAD CAPACITANCE
MAX3228E/28AE/29E/29AE toc01
SLEW RATE vs. LOAD CAPACITANCE
MAX3228E/28AE/29E/29AE toc02
OPERATING SUPPLY CURRENT vs. LOAD CAPACITANCE (MAX3229E)
OPERATING SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 20kbps 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 250kbps
MAX3228E/28AE/29E/29AE toc03
6 VCC RISING TRANSMITTER OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 4 2 0 -2 -4 -6 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 VOL VOH
30 25 SLEW RATE (V/s) 20 15 10 5 0 VCC = 2.5V VCC = 5.5V
20
3000
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF)
LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF)
LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF)
4
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15kV ESD-Protected +2.5V to +5.5V RS-232 Transceivers in UCSP and WLP MAX3228E/MAX3228AE/MAX3229E/MAX3229AE
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VCC = +3.3V, 250kbps data rate, 0.1F capacitors, all transmitters loaded with 3k and CL, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
OPERATING SUPPLY CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE (MAX3229E)
TRANSMITTER OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
MAX3228E/28AE/29E/29AE toc04
TRANSMITTER OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE (VCC RISING)
MAX3228E/28AE/29E/29AE toc05
TRANSMITTER OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE (VCC FALLING)
TRANSMITTER OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 8 6 4 2 0 -2 -4 -6 -8 VOL VOH
MAX3228E/28AE/29E/29AE toc06
20 OPERATING SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
10 8 6 4 2 0 -2 -4 -6 -8 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 VOL VOH
10
5.5
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
Pin Description
PIN MAX3228E/ MAX3229E/ MAX3228AE MAX3229AE A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6, B6 B1 B2, B3, B4, C2, C3, C4, D2, D3, D4, D5 B5 -- C1 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 B1 B2, B3, B4, C2, C3, C4, D2, D3, D4, D5 B5 B6, D6, E4, E6 C1 NAME VCC C2+ C2VVL T_IN V+ FUNCTION Supply Voltage. +2.5V to +5.5V supply voltage Inverting Charge-Pump Capacitor Positive Terminal Inverting Charge-Pump Capacitor Negative Terminal Negative Charge-Pump Output. -5.5V/-4.0V generated by charge pump. Logic Voltage Input. Logic-level input for receiver outputs and transmitter inputs. Connect VL to the system logic supply voltage or VCC if no logic supply is required. Transmitter Input(s) Positive Charge-Pump Output. +5.5V/+4.0V generated by charge pump. If charge pump is generating +4.0V, the device has switched from RS-232 compliant to RS-232 compatible mode. No Connection. The MAX3228AE/MAX3229AE are not populated with solder bumps at these locations. The MAX3228AE/MAX3229AE are populated with electrically isolated bumps at these locations. Active-High FORCEON Input. Drive FORCEON high to override automatic circuitry, keeping transmitters and charge pumps on. Pulls itself high internally if not connected. No Connection. These locations are populated with solder bumps, but are electrically isolated. Positive Regulated Charge-Pump Capacitor Positive Terminal
N.C.
FORCEON N.C. C1+
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15kV ESD-Protected +2.5V to +5.5V RS-232 Transceivers in UCSP and WLP MAX3228E/MAX3228AE/MAX3229E/MAX3229AE
Pin Description (continued)
PIN MAX3228E/ MAX3229E/ MAX3228AE MAX3229AE C5 C6, D6 D1 E1 E2 E3, E4 E5, E6 C5 C6 D1 E1 E2 E3 E5 NAME FUNCTION Active-Low FORCEOFF Input. Drive FORCEOFF low to shut down transmitters, receivers, and on-board charge pump. This overrides all automatic circuitry and FORCEON. Pulls itself high internally if not connected. Receiver Output(s) Positive Regulated Charge-Pump Capacitor Negative Terminal Ground Valid Signal Detector Output. INVALID is enabled low if no valid RS-232 level is present on any receiver input. RS-232 Transmitter Output(s) RS-232 Receiver Input(s)
FORCEOFF R_OUT C1GND INVALID T_OUT R_IN
Table 1. Operating Supply Options
SYSTEM SUPPLY (V) 1 Li+ Cell 3 NiCad/NiMh Cells Regulated Voltage Only (VCC falling) Regulated Voltage Only (VCC falling) VCC (V) +2.4 to +4.2 +2.4 to +3.8 +3.0 to +5.5 +2.5 to +3.0 VL (V) Regulated System Voltage Regulated System Voltage +3.0 to +5.5 +2.5 to +3.0 RS-232 MODE Compliant/Compatible Compliant/Compatible Compliant Compatible
Detailed Description
Dual-Mode Regulated Charge-Pump Voltage Converter
The MAX3228E/AE and MAX3229E/AE internal power supply consists of a dual-mode regulated charge pump. For supply voltages above +3.7V, the charge pump will generate +5.5V at V+ and -5.5V at V-. The charge pumps operate in a discontinuous mode. If the output voltages are less than 5.5V, the charge pumps are enabled, if the output voltages exceed 5.5V, the charge pumps are disabled. For supply voltages below +2.85V, the charge pump will generate +4.0V at V+ and -4.0V at V-. The charge pumps operate in a discontinuous mode. If the output voltages are less than 4.0V, the charge pumps are enabled, if the output voltages exceed 4.0V, the charge pumps are disabled. Each charge pump requires a flying capacitor (C1, C2) and a reservoir capacitor (C3, C4) to generate the V+ and V- supply voltages.
The MAX3228E/AE and MAX3229E/AE include a switchover circuit between these two modes that have approximately 400mV of hysteresis around the switchover point. The hysteresis is shown in Figure 1. This large hysteresis eliminates mode changes due to power-supply bounce. For example, a three-cell NiMh battery system starts at VCC = +3.6V, and the charge pump will generate an output voltage of 5.5V. As the battery discharges, the
VCC
4V
0 V+ 6V
Voltage Generation in the Switchover Region
6
0 20ms/div
Figure 1. V+ Switchover for Changing VCC
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15kV ESD-Protected +2.5V to +5.5V RS-232 Transceivers in UCSP and WLP MAX3228E/MAX3228AE/MAX3229E/MAX3229AE
+0.3V TO MAX322 _E POWER SUPPLY AND TRANSMITTERS INVALID -2.7V +2.7V TO MAX322 _E POWER SUPPLY INVALID
R_IN
R_IN
-0.3V
30s COUNTER R
30s COUNTER R
*TRANSMITTERS ARE DISABLED, REDUCING SUPPLY CURRENT TO 1A IF ALL RECEIVER INPUTS ARE BETWEEN +0.3V AND -0.3V FOR AT LEAST 30s.
*TRANSMITTERS ARE ENABLED IF: ANY RECEIVER INPUT IS GREATER THAN +2.7V OR LESS THAN -2.7V. ANY RECEIVER INPUT HAS BEEN BETWEEN +0.3V AND -0.3V FOR LESS THAN 30s.
Figure 2a. MAX322_E Entering 1A Supply Mode via AutoShutdown
Figure 2b. MAX322_E with Transmitters Enabled Using AutoShutdown
MAX3228E/AE and MAX3229E/AE maintain the outputs in regulation until the battery voltage drops below +3.1V. Then the output regulation points change to 4.0V When VCC is rising, the charge pump will generate an output voltage of 4.0V, while VCC is between +2.5V and +3.5V. When VCC rises above the switchover voltage of +3.5V, the charge pump switches modes to generate an output of 5.5V. Table 1 shows different supply schemes and their operating voltage ranges.
The transmitter inputs do not have pullup resistors. Connect unused inputs to GND or VL.
RS-232 Receivers
The MAX3228E/AE and MAX3229E/AE receivers convert RS-232 signals to logic output levels. All receivers have inverting three-state outputs and can be active or inactive. In shutdown (FORCEOFF = low) or in AutoShutdown, the MAX3228E/AE and MAX3229E/AE receivers are in a high-impedance state (Table 3). The MAX3228E/AE and MAX3229E/AE feature an INVALID output that is enabled low when no valid RS-232 signal levels have been detected on any receiver inputs. INVALID is functional in any mode (Figures 2 and 3).
RS-232 Transmitters
The transmitters are inverting level translators that convert CMOS-logic levels to RS-232 levels. The MAX3228E/AE and MAX3229E/AE will automatically reduce the RS-232 compliant levels (5.5V) to RS-232 compatible levels (4.0V) when V CC falls below approximately +3.1V. The reduced levels also reduce supply current requirements, extending battery life. Built-in hysteresis of approximately 400mV for V CC ensures that the RS-232 output levels do not change if VCC is noisy or has a sudden current draw causing the supply voltage to drop slightly. The outputs will return to RS-232 compliant levels (5.5V) when VCC rises above approximately +3.5V. The MAX3228E/AE and MAX3229E/AE transmitters guarantee a 250kbps data rate with worst-case loads of 3k in parallel with 1000pF. When FORCEOFF is driven to ground, the transmitters and receivers are disabled and the outputs become high impedance. When the AutoShutdown circuitry senses that all receiver and transmitter inputs are inactive for more than 30s, the transmitters are disabled and the outputs go to a high-impedance state. When the power is off, the MAX3228E/AE and MAX3229E/AE permit the transmitter outputs to be driven up to 12V.
VL
FORCEOFF VL VCC FORCEON INVALID
POWER DOWN
INVALID IS AN INTERNALLY GENERATED SIGNAL THAT IS USED BY THE AUTOSHUTDOWN LOGIC AND APPEARS AS AN OUTPUT OF THE DEVICE. POWER DOWN IS ONLY AN INTERNAL SIGNAL. IT CONTROLS THE OPERATIONAL STATUS OF THE TRANSMITTERS AND THE POWER SUPPLIES.
Figure 2c. MAX322_E AutoShutdown Logic
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15kV ESD-Protected +2.5V to +5.5V RS-232 Transceivers in UCSP and WLP MAX3228E/MAX3228AE/MAX3229E/MAX3229AE
AutoShutdown
TRANSMITTERS ENABLED, INVALID HIGH RECEIVER INPUT LEVELS +2.7V INDETERMINATE +0.3V 0 -0.3V INDETERMINATE -2.7V TRANSMITTERS ENABLED, INVALID HIGH AUTOSHUTDOWN, TRANSMITTERS DISABLED, 1A SUPPLY CURRENT, INVALID LOW
The MAX3228E/AE and MAX3229E/AE achieve a 1A supply current with Maxim's AutoShutdown feature, which operates when FORCEON is low and FORCEOFF is high. When these devices sense no valid signal levels on all receiver inputs for 30s, the on-board charge pump and drivers are shut off, reducing VCC supply current to 1A. This occurs if the RS-232 cable is disconnected or the connected peripheral transmitters are turned off. The device turns on again when a valid level is applied to any RS-232 receiver input. As a result, the system saves power without changes to the existing BIOS or operating system. Table 3 and Figure 2c summarize the MAX3228E/AE and MAX3229E/AE operating modes. FORCEON and FORCEOFF override AutoShutdown. When neither control is asserted, the IC selects between these states automatically, based on receiver input levels. Figures 2a, 2b, and 3a depict valid and invalid RS-232 receiver levels. Figures 3a and 3b show the input levels and timing diagram for AutoShutdown operation. A system with AutoShutdown may need time to wake up. Figure 4 shows a circuit that forces the transmitters on for 100ms, allowing enough time for the other system to realize that the MAX3228E/AE and MAX3229E/AE are active. If the other system transmits valid RS-232 signals within that time, the RS-232 ports on both systems remain enabled. When shut down, the device's charge pumps are off, V+ is pulled to VCC, V- is pulled to ground, and the transmitter outputs are high-impedance. The time required to exit shutdown is typically 100s (Figure 3b).
a)
RECEIVER INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
INVALID REGION
VCC INVALID OUTPUT (V) 0
tINVL
tINVH tWU
V+ VCC 0 V-
b)
FORCEON and FORCEOFF
In case FORCEON and FORCEOFF are inaccessible, these pins have 60k (typ) pullup resistors connected to VL (Table 2). Therefore, if FORCEON and FORCEOFF are not connected, the MAX3228E/AE and MAX3229E/AE will always be active. Pulling these pins to ground will draw current from the VL supply. This current can be calculated from the voltage supplied at VL and the 60k (typ) pullup resistor.
Figure 3. AutoShutdown Trip Levels
POWERMANAGEMENT UNIT
MASTER SHDN LINE 0.1F 1M
FORCEOFF FORCEON
MAX3228E/AE MAX3229E/AE
VL Logic Supply Input Unlike other RS-232 interface devices, where the receiver outputs swing between 0 and V CC , the
Table 2. Power-On Default States
Figure 4. AutoShutdown with Initial Turn-On to Wake Up a Mouse or Another System
PIN NAME FORCEON FORCEOFF POWER-ON DEFAULT High High MECHANISM Internal pullup Internal pullup
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15kV ESD-Protected +2.5V to +5.5V RS-232 Transceivers in UCSP and WLP MAX3228E/MAX3228AE/MAX3229E/MAX3229AE
Table 3. Output Control Truth Table
TRANSCEIVER STATUS Shutdown (AutoShutdown) Shutdown (Forced Off) Normal Operation (Forced On) Normal Operation (AutoShutdown) FORCEON Low X High Low FORCEOFF High Low High High RECEIVER STATUS High-Z High-Z Active Active INVALID L H
X = Don't care. = INVALID output state is determined by R_IN input levels.
MAX3228E/AE and MAX3229E/AE feature a separate logic supply input (VL) that sets VOH for the receiver and INVALID outputs. The transmitter inputs (T_IN), FORCEON and FORCEOFF, are also referred to VL. This feature allows maximum flexibility in interfacing to different systems and logic levels. Connect VL to the system's logic supply voltage (+1.65V to +5.5V), and bypass it with a 0.1F capacitor to GND. If the logic supply is the same as VCC, connect VL to VCC. Always enable VCC before enabling the VL supply. VCC must be greater than or equal to the VL supply.
RC 1M CHARGE-CURRENT LIMIT RESISTOR HIGHVOLTAGE DC SOURCE
RD 1500 DISCHARGE RESISTANCE DEVICE UNDER TEST
Cs 100pF
STORAGE CAPACITOR
Software-Controlled Shutdown
If direct software control is desired, connect FORCEOFF and FORCEON together to disable AutoShutdown. The microcontroller then drives FORCEOFF and FORCEON like a SHDN input, INVALID can be used to alert the microcontroller to indicate serial data activity.
Figure 5a. Human Body ESD Test Models
IP 100% 90% AMPERES
Ir
PEAK-TO-PEAK RINGING (NOT DRAWN TO SCALE)
15kV ESD Protection
As with all Maxim devices, ESD-protection structures are incorporated on all pins to protect against electrostatic discharges encountered during handling and assembly. The driver outputs and receiver inputs of the MAX3228E/AE and MAX3229E/AE have extra protection against static electricity. Maxim's engineers have developed state-of-the-art structures to protect these pins against ESD of 15kV without damage. The ESD structures withstand high ESD in all states: normal operation, shutdown, and powered down. After an ESD event Maxim's E versions keep working without latchup, whereas competing RS-232 products can latch and must be powered down to remove latchup. ESD protection can be tested in various ways; the transmitter outputs and receiver inputs of this product family are characterized for protection to the following limits: 1) 15kV using the Human Body Model. 2) 8kV using the Contact Discharge method specified in IEC 1000-4-2. 3) 15kV using the IEC 1000-4-2 Air-Gap method.
36.8% 10% 0 0 tRL TIME tDL CURRENT WAVEFORM
Figure 5b. Human Body Model Current Waveform
ESD Test Conditions ESD performance depends on a variety of conditions. Contact Maxim for a reliability report that documents test setup, test methodology, and test results. Human Body Model Figure 5a shows the Human Body Model, and Figure 5b shows the current waveform it generates when discharged into a low impedance. This model consists of a 100pF capacitor charged to the ESD voltage of interest, which is then discharged into the test device through a 1.5k resistor.
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15kV ESD-Protected +2.5V to +5.5V RS-232 Transceivers in UCSP and WLP MAX3228E/MAX3228AE/MAX3229E/MAX3229AE
IEC 1000-4-2 The IEC 1000-4-2 standard covers ESD testing and performance of finished equipment; it does not specifically refer to integrated circuits. The MAX3228E/AE and MAX3229E/AE help you design equipment that meets Level 4 (the highest level) of IED 1000-4-2, without the need for additional ESD-protection components. The major difference between tests done using the Human Body Model and IEC 1000-4-2 is a higher peak current in IEC 1000-4-2, because series resistance is lower in the IEC 1000-4-2 model. Hence, the ESD withstand voltage measured to IEC 1000-4-2 is generally lower than that measured using the Human Body Model. Figure 6a shows the IEC 1000-4-2 model, and Figure 6b shows the current waveform for the 8kV IEC 1000-4-2 Level 4 ESD contact discharge test.
The air-gap test involves approaching the device with a charged probe. The Contact Discharge method connects the probe to the device before the probe is energized.
Machine Model The Machine Model for ESD tests all pins using a 200pF storage capacitor and zero discharge resistance. Its objective is to emulate the stress caused by contact that occurs with handling and assembly during manufacturing. Of course, all pins require this protection during manufacturing, not just RS-232 inputs and outputs. Therefore, after PC board assembly, the Machine Model is less relevant to I/O ports.
Applications Information
Capacitor Selection
The capacitor type used for C1-C4 is not critical for proper operation; either polarized or non polarized capacitors may be used. However, ceramic chip capacitors with an X7R or X5R dielectric work best. The charge pump requires 0.1F capacitors for 3.3V operation. For other supply voltages, refer to Table 4 for required capacitor values. Do not use values smaller than those listed in Table 4. Increasing the capacitor values (e.g., by a factor of 2) reduces ripple on the transmitter outputs and slightly reduces power consumption. C2, C3, and C4 can be increased without changing C1's value. However, do not increase C1 without also increasing the values of C2, C3, and C4 to maintain the proper ratios (C1 to the other capacitors). When using the minimum required capacitor values, make sure the capacitor value does not degrade excessively with temperature. If in doubt, use capacitors with a larger nominal value. The capacitor's equivalent series resistance (ESR) usually rises at low temperatures and influences the amount of ripple on V+ and V-.
RC 50M to 100M CHARGE-CURRENT LIMIT RESISTOR HIGHVOLTAGE DC SOURCE
RD 330 DISCHARGE RESISTANCE DEVICE UNDER TEST
Cs 150pF
STORAGE CAPACITOR
Figure 6a. IEC 1000-4-2 ESD Test Model
I 100% 90%
Power-Supply Decoupling
In most circumstances, a 0.1F VCC bypass capacitor is adequate. In applications that are sensitive to powersupply noise, use a capacitor of the same value as the charge-pump capacitor C1. Connect bypass capacitors as close to the IC as possible.
I PEAK
Table 4. Required Capacitor Values
VCC (V)
10% t r = 0.7ns to 1ns t 60ns
C1, CBYPASS (F) 0.22 0.1 0.047 0.22
C2, C3, C4 (F) 0.22 0.1 0.33 1
2.5 to 3.0 3.0 to 3.6
30ns
4.5 to 5.5 3.0 to 5.5
Figure 6b. IEC 1000-4-2 ESD Generator Current Waveform
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15kV ESD-Protected +2.5V to +5.5V RS-232 Transceivers in UCSP and WLP
Transmitter Outputs when Exiting Shutdown
Figure 7 shows a transmitter output when exiting shutdown mode. The transmitter is loaded with 3k in parallel with 1000pF. The transmitter output displays no ringing or undesirable transients as it comes out of shutdown, and is enabled only when the magnitude of V- exceeds approximately -3V. For Figure 9, the transmitter was driven at 120kbps into an RS-232 load in parallel with 1000pF. For Figure 10, a single transmitter was driven at 250kbps, and loaded with an RS-232 receiver in parallel with 1000pF.
MAX3228E/MAX3228AE/MAX3229E/MAX3229AE
High Data Rates
The MAX3228E/AE and MAX3229E/AE maintain the RS232 5.0V minimum transmitter output voltage even at high data rates. Figure 8 shows a transmitter loopback test circuit. Figure 9 shows a loopback test result at 120kbps, and Figure 10 shows the same test at 250kbps.
5V/div FORCEON = FORCEOFF 0 T_IN
5V 0 5V T_OUT 0 -5V
2V/div TOUT 0 R_OUT 4s/div
5V 0
4s/div
Figure 7. Transmitter Outputs Exiting Shutdown or Powering Up
VCC 0.1F C1+ C1 C1C2+ C2 C2T1IN VL R1OUT R1IN VL T1OUT 1000pF VCC VL V+ C3 VL 0.1F
Figure 9. Loopback Test Result at 120kbps
5V T_IN 0 5V T_OUT 0 -5V 5V R_OUT 0
MAX3229E/AE
VC4
4s/div
5k
Figure 10. Loopback Test Result at 250kbps
TO POWERMANAGEMENT UNIT VL
INVALID FORCEON GND FORCEOFF
Figure 8. Transmitter Loopback Test Circuit
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15kV ESD-Protected +2.5V to +5.5V RS-232 Transceivers in UCSP and WLP MAX3228E/MAX3228AE/MAX3229E/MAX3229AE
Typical Operating Circuits (continued)
2.5V TO 5.5V 1.65V TO 5.5V CBYPASS 0.1F A1 C1 C1 0.1F D1 A2 C2 0.1F A3 C1+ C1C2+ C2VL T1OUT VL C6 R1OUT R1IN E5 E3 RS-232 VCC A5 VL V+ B1 C3 0.1F A4 C4 0.1F 0.1F
UCSP Reliability
The UCSP represents a unique packaging form factor that may not perform equally to a packaged product through traditional mechanical reliability tests. CSP reliability is integrally linked to the user's assembly methods, circuit board material, and usage environment. The user should closely review these areas when considering use of a CSP package. Performance through Operating Life Test and Moisture Resistance remains uncompromised as it is primarily determined by the wafer-fabrication process. Mechanical stress performance is a greater consideration for a CSP package. CSPs are attached through direct solder contact to the user's PC board, foregoing the inherent stress relief of a packaged product lead frame. Solder joint contact integrity must be considered. Table 2 shows the testing done to characterize the CSP reliability performance. In conclusion, the UCSP is capable of performing reliably through environmental stresses as indicated by the results in the table. Additional usage data and recommendations are detailed in the UCSP application note, which can be found on Maxim's website at www.maxim-ic.com.
MAX3229E/AE
V-
A6 T1IN TTL/CMOS
5k VL 20A B5 FORCEON GND E1 VL INVALID 20A FORCEOFF C5 TO POWERMANAGEMENT UNIT VL
E2
Chip Information
TRANSISTOR COUNT: 698 PROCESS TECHNOLOGY: CMOS
Table 2. Reliability Test Data
TEST Temperature Cycle Operating Life Moisture Resistance Low-Temperature Storage Low-Temperature Operational Solderability ESD High-Temperature Operating Life CONDITIONS -35C to +85C, -40C to +100C TA = +70C +20C to +60C, 90% RH -20C -10C 8hr steam age 2000V, Human Body Model TJ = +150C DURATION 150 cycles, 900 cycles 240hr 240hr 240hr 24hr -- -- 168hr NO. OF FAILURES PER SAMPLE SIZE 0/10, 0/200 0/10 0/10 0/10 0/10 0/15 0/5 0/45
12
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15kV ESD-Protected +2.5V to +5.5V RS-232 Transceivers in UCSP and WLP
Pin Configurations
TOP VIEW
MAX3228E/MAX3228AE/MAX3229E/MAX3229AE
A
VCC
C2+
C2-
V-
VL
T1IN
B
V+
N.C.
N.C.
N.C.
FON
T2IN
C
C1+
N.C.
N.C.
N.C.
FOFF
R2OUT
D
C1-
N.C.
N.C.
N.C.
N.C.
R1OUT
E
GND
INV
T1OUT
T2OUT
R2IN
R1IN
1
2
3 MAX3228E/AE
4
5
6 FON = FORCEON FOFF = FORCEOFF INV = INVALID
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15kV ESD-Protected +2.5V to +5.5V RS-232 Transceivers in UCSP and WLP MAX3228E/MAX3228AE/MAX3229E/MAX3229AE
Pin Configurations (continued)
TOP VIEW
A
VCC
C2+
C2-
V-
VL
T1IN
B
V+
N.C.
N.C.
N.C.
FON
N.C.
C
C1+
N.C.
N.C.
N.C.
FOFF
R1OUT
D
C1-
N.C.
N.C.
N.C.
N.C.
N.C.
E
GND
INV
T1OUT
N.C.
R1IN
N.C.
1
2
3 MAX3229E/AE
4
5
6 FON = FORCEON FOFF = FORCEOFF INV = INVALID
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15kV ESD-Protected +2.5V to +5.5V RS-232 Transceivers in UCSP and WLP
Package Information
For the latest package outline information and land patterns, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages. PACKAGE TYPE 6 x 5 UCSP 6 x 5 WLP PACKAGE CODE B30-2 W302A3-2 DOCUMENT NO. 21-0123 21-0016
MAX3228E/MAX3228AE/MAX3229E/MAX3229AE
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15kV ESD-Protected +2.5V to +5.5V RS-232 Transceivers in UCSP and WLP MAX3228E/MAX3228AE/MAX3229E/MAX3229AE
Revision History
REVISION NUMBER 0 1 2 REVISION DATE 8/01 5/04 10/08 Initial release Changed output voltage swing spec Addition of lead-free WLP packaging DESCRIPTION PAGES CHANGED -- 3 1, 5, 6, 7, 15
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
16 ____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 (c) 2008 Maxim Integrated Products is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.

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